How product decisions are made and judged.
Clarify the metric, protect the guardrails, then decompose the drop by segment until it is isolated; show the process, not a guess.
Product management interviews, any analytics role, and any desk conversation that starts with a number going the wrong way.
From Google Product Manager Metrics Interview: A Worked Mock · Aakash Gupta
Name the two sides, say which one pays and why, and describe exactly how one side's growth helps the other.
Marketplace and platform pitches, product strategy questions, and the marketplace model.
From Platform Revolution · Geoffrey Parker, Marshall Van Alstyne and Sangeet Paul Choudary
Evidence about demand comes from what people have already done and paid for, not from what they say they would do.
Customer discovery, commercial due diligence, and any interview that asks how you would validate a product idea.
From The Mom Test · Rob Fitzpatrick
Check whether the metric is still the goal or has become the goal, and reserve the heavy process for decisions that cannot be undone.
Product and leadership questions, assessing a large company's culture, and deciding how much process a decision deserves.
From Amazon's 2016 letter to shareholders (Day 1) · Jeff Bezos
Measure what changed for the customer, not what was shipped; a team given an outcome behaves differently from one given a list.
Product interviews at large companies, metrics questions, and any discussion of how a team should be judged.
From Escaping the Build Trap · Melissa Perri